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Quantum Computing

 


What is quantum computing?

Quantum computing is a multidisciplinary field comprising aspects of computer science, physics, and mathematics that utilizes quantum mechanics to solve complex problems easily than any classical computers. 

Quantum computing uses specialized technology, computer hardware and algorithms that take advantage of quantum mechanics to solve complex problems easily.

What is quantum mechanics?

At subatomic levels, the equations that describe how particles behave is different from those that describe the macroscopic world around us. Quantum mechanics is the area of physics that studies the behaviour of particles at a microscopic level. Quantum computers take advantage of these behaviour to perform computations in a completely new way.

Why do we need quantum computers?

If a supercomputer gets stumped, that's probably because the big classical machine was asked to solve a problem with a high degree of complexity. When classical computers fail, it's often due to complexity.

Complex problems are problems with lots of variables interacting in complicated ways. Modelling the behaviour of individual atoms in a molecule is a complex problem, because of all the different electrons interacting with one another.

What are the principles of quantum computing?

  • Superposition
  • Entanglement
  • Decoherence
  • Superconductors
  • Control
  • Interference

Components of a quantum computer

  • Quantum hardware
  • Quantum data plane
  • Control and measurement plane
  • Control processor plane and host processor
  • Quantum software

Types of quantum technology?

  • Gate-based ion trap processors
  • Gate-based superconducting processors
  • Photonic processors
  • Neutral atom processors
  • Rydberg atom processors
  • Quantum annealers


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